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ADHD Medication During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Women with ADHD must make a difficult decision regarding whether or not to stop taking ADHD medication during pregnancy and breast-feeding. There aren't enough data regarding how exposure over time may affect a pregnant fetus.

A recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry shows that children exposed to ADHD medication in utero do not develop neurological developmental disorders such as hearing loss or impaired vision seizures, febrile seizures or IQ impairment. The authors acknowledge the need for more high-quality research.

Risk/Benefit Analysis

Women who are pregnant and taking ADHD medications must weigh the advantages of using them against the risks to the fetus. Physicians don't have the necessary data to provide clear recommendations but they can provide information on the risks and benefits to help pregnant women make informed decisions.

A study published in Molecular Psychiatry concluded that women who were taking ADHD medication during their early pregnancy did not have a greater risk of fetal malformations, or structural birth defects. Researchers conducted a large sample-based case control study to examine the prevalence of structural defects that were major in infants who were born to mothers who used stimulants during pregnancy. Pediatric cardiologists and clinical geneticists reviewed the cases to ensure correct case classification and to minimize the possibility of bias.

The study of the researchers was not without limitations. Most important, they were unable to separate the effects of the medication from those of the disorder at hand. This makes it difficult for researchers to determine if the small differences observed between the groups that were exposed to the use of medication or if they were affected by comorbidities. Additionally the study did not study the long-term effects of offspring on their parents.

The study did show that infants whose mothers had taken ADHD medication during pregnancy were at a more risk of being admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) than infants who were born without any medication or stopped their medications before or during pregnancy. This increase was caused by central nervous system disorders. The increased risk of admission was not influenced by the stimulant medications used during pregnancy.

Women who took stimulant ADHD medications during pregnancy also had a higher chance of having to have caesarean sections or a baby that scored low on the Apgar scale (less than 7). These increases didn't seem to be influenced by the kind of medication used during pregnancy.

Researchers suggest that the small risks associated with the use ADHD medications in early pregnancies could be offset by the greater benefits to both mother and baby from continuing treatment for the woman's disorder. Physicians should speak with their patients about this issue and, if possible, help them develop coping strategies that may reduce the effects of her disorder on her daily functioning and her relationships.

Medication Interactions

As more women than ever before are being diagnosed with ADHD and being treated with medication, the dilemma of whether to keep or end treatment during pregnancy is one that more and more doctors have to face. Most of the time, these decisions are made in the absence of clear and authoritative evidence regardless, so doctors have to weigh their experience from their own experiences, those of other doctors, and what the research says on the topic, along with their own judgments for each individual patient.

In particular, the issue of potential risks for the baby can be tricky. The research on this subject is based on observation instead of controlled studies and a lot of the results are conflicting. The majority of studies focus on live-births, which could underestimate the severity of teratogenic effects leading to abortions or terminations of pregnancy. The study presented in this journal club addresses these shortcomings by looking at data from both live and deceased births.

Conclusion Some studies have revealed a positive correlation between ADHD medications and certain birth defects However, other studies haven't established a link. The majority of studies show that there is a neutral, or slightly negative, impact. In all cases, a careful evaluation of the benefits and risks is required.

It can adhd medication help with memory be difficult, if not impossible for women with ADHD to stop taking their medication. In fact, in an article recently published in Archives of Women's Mental Health, psychologist Jennifer Russell notes that stopping ADHD medication during pregnancy can increase depression, feelings of isolation and family conflict for patients with ADHD. Additionally, the loss of medication can interfere with the ability to do job-related tasks and drive safely which are adhd meds covered by ohip essential aspects of daily life for a lot of people with ADHD.

She suggests that women who are not sure whether to take the medication or stop due to pregnancy should educate family members, coworkers, and friends about the condition, the effects on daily functioning, and the advantages of staying on the current treatment regimen. It can also help a woman feel supported in her decision. It is important to note that some medications can pass through the placenta, so if the patient decides to stop taking her adhd without medication medication during pregnancy and breastfeeding, she should be aware that traces of the medication could be transferred to the infant.

Birth Defects and Risk of

As the use and misuse of ADHD medication to treat symptoms of attention deficit disorder hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), increases, so does concern about the potential effects of these drugs on fetuses. Recent research published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry has added to the body knowledge on this subject. Researchers used two huge data sets to examine more than 4.3 million pregnancy and determine if stimulant medication use caused birth defects. While the overall risk is low, the researchers did find that first-trimester exposure to ADHD medications was linked to a slightly higher rate of specific heart defects, such as ventriculoseptal defect (VSD).

The authors of the study found no association between the use of early medications and other congenital anomalies, such as facial clefting or club foot. The results are in agreement with previous studies that showed an insignificant, but small increase in cardiac malformations for women who began taking ADHD medication prior to the birth of their child. The risk was higher in the later part of pregnancy, when many women are forced to stop taking their adhd medication pregnancy medications.

Women who took ADHD medication in the first trimester were more likely need a caesarean, have a low Apgar after birth and have a baby that needed breathing assistance when they were born. However the researchers of the study were not able to eliminate bias due to selection by restricting the study to women who didn't have any other medical conditions that could be a contributing factor to these findings.

Researchers hope their research will inform physicians when they see pregnant women. The researchers recommend that while discussing risks and benefits are important, the decision regarding whether or not to stop medication should be in light of the severity of each woman's ADHD symptoms and her requirements.

The authors also advise that, while stopping the medication is an option, it is not an option to consider due to the high rate of depression and other mental health issues in women who are pregnant or who are recently post-partum. Further, research shows that women who stop taking their medication will have a tough time adjusting to a life without them once the baby is born.

Nursing

The responsibilities of being a new mom can be overwhelming. Women with ADHD who must work through their symptoms while attending doctor appointments, getting ready for the arrival of a baby and getting used to new routines at home may face a lot of challenges. Therefore, many women choose to continue taking their ADHD medications throughout the course of pregnancy.

The risk to breastfeeding infant is minimal because the majority of stimulant medication passes through breast milk at low levels. The amount of exposure to medications will vary based on the dosage and frequency of administration as well as the time of day. In addition, various medications are introduced into the baby's system through the gastrointestinal tract or through breast milk. The impact on the health of a newborn isn't completely understood.

Some physicians may discontinue stimulant medication during a woman's pregnancy due to the lack of research. This is a difficult choice for the patient, who must weigh the benefit of continuing her medication with the potential risks to the fetus. Until more information is available, doctors should inquire with all pregnant patients about their history of ADHD and if they are taking or planning to take medication during the perinatal time.

Many studies have shown that women can continue to take their ADHD medication without risk during pregnancy and while breast-feeding. In response, an increasing number of patients are choosing to continue their medication. They have concluded after consulting with their doctors that the benefits of continuing their current medication outweigh potential risks.

Women who suffer from ADHD who are planning to breastfeed should seek advice from an expert psychiatrist prior to becoming pregnant. They should review their medications with their prescriber and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of continuing treatment, including non prescription adhd medication-pharmacological strategies. Psychoeducation is also necessary to help pregnant women with ADHD be aware of the symptoms and the underlying disorder. They should also be informed about treatment options and build strategies for coping. This should be a multidisciplinary process together with obstetricians, GPs and psychiatrists. Pregnancy counselling should include the discussion of a treatment plan for both mother and child, monitoring for signs of deterioration, and, if necessary, adjustments to the medication regimen.